Privatization Of The Education Sector In Indonesia: A Review Of Conflict Theory
Abstract
Privatization of education in Indonesia is legitimized by a number of regulations, for example Law no. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System and Law no. 9 on Education Legal Entities. The existence of this education legal entity makes educational institutions free to seek capital to invest in educational activities. So that the world of education turns into a commercial investment land. This condition, in the view of sociology, will lead to interclass conflicts caused by the inequality of the community in accessing education. This study aims to describe the views of conflict theory regarding the phenomenon of privatization of education. The method used is the study of literature or literature by collecting secondary data from books, news and journal articles. The results of the study show that 1) the conflict theory view of education privatization can be viewed from the community analysis unit and the individual analysis unit; 2) At the level of the community unit of analysis, education privatization can be explained through Karl Marx's conflict theory and Weber's theory of power. 3) Marx's conflict theory emphasizes the two social classes formed due to differences in ownership of capital production factors. Meanwhile, according to Weber, the process of conflict is caused by the existence of authority or power that separates society into superordinate groups and subordinate groups. 4) At the individual unit of analysis level, conflicts due to education privatization can be viewed from Coser's conflict theory, where conflicts do not only have a negative impact, but also a positive impact on society.
Downloads
References
Freire, P. (1999). The Politics of Education: Culture, Power and Liberation, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar and Research, Education and Dialogue.
Government Allocates 20.87% of the State Budget to Pay Debt Interest in 2022. (January 2022). Katadata Media Network. Accessed via https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2022/01/12/pemerintah-alokasikan-2087-dari-apbn-untuk-bayar-bunga-utang-pada-2022 on January 27, 2023.
Indonesia's foreign debt decreased in October 2022. (December 2022). Bank Indonesia. Accessed via https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/ruang-media/news-release/Pages/sp_ 2434322.aspx on January 27, 2023.
Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System (Sisdiknas). Downloaded from https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/43920/uu-no-20-tahun-2003 on January 20, 2023.
Law Number 9 of 2009 concerning Education Legal Entity (BHP). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/38596/uu-no-9-tahun-2009 dated January 24, 2023.
Most Expensive School Tuition in RI and Facilities Offered. (August 2022). Detik. Accessed via https://www.detik.com/edu/sekolah/d-6223067/biaya-pendidikan-sekolah-termahal-di-ri-dan-fasilitas-yang-ditawarkan on February 10, 2023.
Our State Budget is Performance and Facts: Maintain Good State Budget Performance, Remain Vigilant and Optimistic to Face the Challenges of 2023. (December 2022). Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. Downloaded from https://media.kemenkeu.go.id/getmedia/7f79708f-68d1-4bad-ad43-80bd4ad99ba9/V-Final-Publikasi-APBN-KiTa-Ed-Desember-2022.pdf?ext=.pdf on January 27, 2023.
Puspitawati, Herien, (2009). Conflict Theory and its Application in Family Life, Bogor: Bogor Agricultural University.
Ritzer, G., & Goodman, D.J., (2003). Modern Sociological Theory, Jakarta: Kencana.
Savas, E.S., (1987). Privatization: The Key to Better Government, Chatham House Publishers: University of Michigan.
Sri Mulyani: Education Budget of IDR 541.7 trillion is Relatively Stable. (August 2021). Puslapdik Kemendikbudristek. Accessed via https://puslapdik.kemdikbud.go.id/sri-mulyani-anggaran-pendidikan-rp-5417-triliun-relatif-stabil/#:~:text=Puslapdik%2DDIn%20RAPBN%20Annual%20Budget%20of%20Rp%20541%2C7%20trillion on February 10, 2023.
Tuition fees for elementary school, middle school, high school. (2022). Al-Azhar Ash-Sharif. Accessed via https://alazharasysyarifsumut.sch.id/biaya-pendidikan-smp-al-azhar-asy-syarif-sumut/ on February 10, 2023.
Turner, J.H., (1998). The Structure of Sociological Theory, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Most Expensive Schools in Indonesia, Costing Almost Rp1 Billion! (March 2022). Viva. Accessed via https://www.viva.co.id/edukasi/1457254-sekolah-termahal-di-indonesia on February 10, 2023.
Copyright (c) 2022 Owned by the Author(s), published by Berumpun: International Journal of Social, Politics and Humanities
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
